Year 2021 / Volume 32 / Number 2

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Reviews

Biomechanical study test in children and adolescents: a systematic review

Rev. Esp. Pod. 2021; 32(2): 132-139 / DOI: 10.20986/revesppod.2021.1611/2021

María Gámez Guijarro, Ana Belén Ortega Ávila, Gabriel Gijón Noguerón, Carlos Martínez Sebastián


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pediatric evaluations of gait and lower extremities are frequently performed in podiatry. Different diagnostic tests have shown acceptable reliability within the pediatric population. The objectives were to identify foot and ankle biomechanical analysis tests and evaluate the methodological quality and psychometric properties.
Material and method: A search was carried out in PubMed, from 1997 to March 2021, analyzing cross-sectional descriptive observational studies based on biomechanical study tests in healthy children and adolescents up to 18 years of age. The Boolean terms “AND” and “OR” were used and studies were evaluated using the CASPe tool. Inclusion criteria: healthy children, ages between 0 and 18 years, validated biomechanical study test.
Results: A total of 293 articles showing biomechanical analysis tests in children, 2 of them from the Foot Posture Index-6, 1 from the Heel Rise Test, 1 from the arch height index with a device that measures the structure of the arch. foot, 1 the static and dynamic measurement of the arch of the foot by caliper, 1 measures the 50-foot walk test and the last one measures and compares a series of tests such as the Craig test, Foot Posture Index-6, tibiofemoral angle and the Sit-and-Reach test.
Conclusion: There is not enough research and reliability of these tests. The most common ones performed are the Heel Rise Test and the Foot Posture Index-6. It should be noted that they are not acceptable for a rigorous protocol so they should be used, interpreting the results with due caution.



RESUMEN

Introducción: Las evaluaciones pediátricas de la marcha y las extremidades inferiores se realizan con frecuencia en podología. Diferentes pruebas diagnósticas han demostrado una fiabilidad aceptable dentro de la población pediátrica. Los objetivos fueron identificar test de análisis biomecánico de pie y tobillo, y evaluar la calidad metodológica y las propiedades psicométricas.
Material y método: Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, desde 1997 hasta marzo de 2021, analizando los estudios observacionales descriptivos transversales basados en test de estudio biomecánicos en niños y adolescentes sanos hasta 18 años. Se utilizaron los términos booleanos “AND” y “OR” y se evaluó mediante la herramienta CASPe. Criterios de inclusión: niños sanos, edad entre 0 y 18 años, test de estudio biomecánico validado.
Resultados: Un total de 293 artículos que muestran test de análisis biomecánico en niños, 2 de ellos del Foot Posture Index-6, uno del Heel Rise test, uno del índice de altura del arco con un dispositivo que mide la estructura del pie, uno de la medición estática y dinámica del arco del pie mediante calibre, uno mide la prueba de caminata de 50 pies, y el último mide y compara una serie de test como son el test de Craig, Foot Posture Index-6, ángulo tibiofemoral y la prueba Sit-and-Reach.
Conclusión: No hay suficiente investigación y fiabilidad de estos test. Los más comunes realizados son el Heel Rise Test y el Foot Posture Index-6. Cabe destacar que no son aceptables para un protocolo riguroso, por lo que se deben utilizar pero interpretando los resultados con la debida precaución.


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Instrucciones para citar

Gámez Guijarro M, Ortega Ávila A, Gijón Noguerón G, Martínez Sebastián C. Biomechanical study test in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Rev Esp Pod 2021; 32(2): 132-139 / DOI: 1020986/revesppod20211611/2021


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Recibido: 09/06/2021

Aceptado: 26/10/2021

Prepublicado: 14/12/2021

Publicado: 28/12/2021

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2024 Revista Española de Podología
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